GPA Chart Conversion to 4.0 Scale

GPA Chart Conversion to 4.0 Scale SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Is it true that you are searching for a simple method to see exactly how your last class grades become GPA decimals? Provided that this is true, at that point you've gone to the correct article. In only two straightforward diagrams, I'll give you how this change functions for both a weighted and unweighted GPA. Why Are Grades Converted to a 4.0 Scale? Commonly the evaluations you get in secondary school are either letters or percents, however on your transcript that number will be changed over into a GPA. The GPA is a fast, supportive route for a school affirmations officials to get a feeling of your aptitudes, insight, and readiness to challenge yourself. Also, seeing one number beats experiencing each person’s transcript grade by grade, for a great many candidates! Universities regularly utilize a 4.0 GPA scale so all GPAs are normalized. As opposed to attempting to think about a lot of letter evaluations, rates, or distinctive GPA scoring scales, universities convert every one of those scores to the 4.0 scale. That makes it simple to precisely think about the evaluations of understudies from everywhere throughout the nation and world. /<![CDATA[ (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); /]]> For instance, say one understudy went to a school that utilizations letter grades on transcripts, another went to a school that utilizes rates, and a third uses the 4.0 scale. Looking at, express an A-normal to a 93% normal to a 3.5 GPA is significantly more troublesome than changing over the evaluations and rates to the 4.0 scale and having three numbers that are effectively tantamount. Experiencing grades individually: presumably like arranging these noodles arranged by tallness and width. The Unweighted GPA Conversion Chart Most secondary schools will change over the entirety of your last grades into a scale going from 0.0 to 4.0. This unweighted GPA scale treats your evaluations the equivalent, regardless of whether they originate from Standard, Honors, or AP/IB classes. Here’s how unweighted grades convert: Letter Grade Percentile Standard GPA A+ 97-100 4.0 A 93-96 4.0 A- 90-92 3.7 B+ 87-89 3.3 B 83-86 3.0 B- 80-82 2.7 C+ 77-79 2.3 C 73-76 2.0 C- 70-72 1.7 D+ 67-69 1.3 D 65-66 1.0 F Beneath 65 0.0 Need to fabricate the most ideal school application? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best affirmations counseling administration. We join world-class confirmations instructors with our information driven, exclusive affirmations systems. We've directed a huge number of understudies get into their top decision schools, from state universities to the Ivy League. We realize what sorts of understudies schools need to concede. We need to get you admitted to your fantasy schools. Get familiar with PrepScholar Admissions to augment your opportunity of getting in. /<![CDATA[ (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); /]]> Be that as it may, my AP apples were path harder than your Honors oranges! The Weighted GPA Conversion Chart Numerous schools additionally compute a weighted GPA, winding up with a scale that ranges from 0.0 to 5.0. The weighted GPA attempts to represent the way that distinctive level classes have various degrees of trouble. The manner in which this scale separates among harder and simpler classes is by including .5 to Honors and adding 1 to AP grades. This would mean a B in an AP class is equivalent to An out of a customary level class for your GPA. Here’s how weighted evaluations convert: Letter Grade Percentile Praises GPA AP/IB GPA A+ 97-100 4.5 5.0 A 93-96 4.5 5.0 A- 90-92 4.2 4.7 B+ 87-89 3.8 4.3 B 83-86 3.5 4.0 B- 80-82 3.2 3.7 C+ 77-79 2.8 3.3 C 73-76 2.5 3.0 C- 70-72 2.2 2.7 D+ 67-69 1.8 2.3 D 65-66 1.5 2.0 F Underneath 65 0.0 0.0 We're simply cheerful weighted GPA doesn't require real loads. Does your school report your GPA as weighted or unweighted? What might your GPA be, considered on a 4.0, 5.0, or 6.0 scale? Utilize our instrument to ascertain your unweighted and weighted GPA to make sense of how you stack facing other school candidates. You'll likewise get our exclusive school center GPA figuring and counsel on where to improve to be a superior school candidate. /<![CDATA[ (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); /]]> What’s Next? Prepared to utilize these numbers to compute your GPA? Look at how to figure your unweighted GPA and yourweighted GPA. On the off chance that you’re inquisitive whether universities take a gander at your weighted or unweighted secondary school GPA, at that point look at our guide on weight versus unweighted GPAs. Stressed over what your changed over GPA implies? We investigate what’s a decent GPA, what’s an awful GPA, and what universities think. Prepared to work, work, work to understand that GPA Up?we have four systems for raising your GPA quick, and how to keep your GPA high over your entire secondary school profession. Need to improve your SAT score by 160 or your ACT score by 4 points?We've composed a guide for each test about the best 5 methodologies you should use to have a taken shots at improving your score. Download it with the expectation of complimentary at this point: /<![CDATA[ (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); /]]>

My Side Of The Mountain Essays (837 words) - My Side Of The Mountain

My Side Of The Mountain My Side of the Mountain By Jean Craighead George Sam Gribley is worn out on living in a packed New York City condo with his dad,mom and 8 siblings and sisters, so he flees searching for his Great-granddad Gribley's property in the Catskill Mountain wild. The Gribley land had not been occupied by any Gribley's for around 100 years. Sam hitched rides attempting to get to the homestead. Sam thought he set himself up for this experience by perusing books in the New York City open library about how to get by on the land. Nobody in his family paid attention to his arrangements however. With just a penknife, a wad of rope, forty dollars, and some stone and steel, he depended on his own inventiveness and the assets of the land to endure. Sam showed up in the Catskill's and went to the Delhi library to discover data about Gribley's homestead. A decent bookkeeper discovered data that was exceptionally old, this helped Sam discover the ranch. This was the start of Sam's extraordinary experience. On his extraordinary granddad's ranch he figures out how to endure. From the outset he battles to make a fire, at that point he experienced difficulty shaving wooden angling snares to get fish, however he wound up idealizing the snares and getting a couple of fish. He rapidly understands that he needs cover; simply constructing and remaining around a pit fire won't do, so he chooses to set a fire inside a hemlock tree and burrow himself out a room. Here he fabricates himself somewhat concealed home in the woodland. His tree home comprises of a concealed entryway made of deerskin, a bed and a chimney to keep him caution in winter. Individuals go to the woodland and are surrounding him, yet they never find him in his tree home. He battled each day to discover food, just to find that frog legs and turtle soup aren't awful food. He additionally ate wild onions, oak seeds, apples, wild strawberries, and at times hare that he figures out how to get in certain snares he had constructed. He at long last spots a bird of prey and chooses to get one of it's infants in the expectations that he can prepare the hawk. The bird of prey would then be able to assist him with getting food. The bird of prey he got he name Frightful, in light of the fact that it was startling when the hawk's mom attempted to assault him, to shield him from getting her child. Sam spent numerous days preparing the bird of prey. After Frightful got prepared she had the option to get numerous little creatures and give them food. Sam likewise battles with furnishing himself with garments. Luckily for him, a tracker executed a deer in the forested areas and Sam got to it first and shrouded it. Later Sam returned for it and inevitably made himself some jeans from its cover up alongside eating its meat. This happened a few different occasions with the goal that Sam had the option to likewise make himself a shirt and a cover from deerskin. At the same time, nobody understood that Sam lived in the woods. Sam inevitably makes a companion he calls Bando, who ends up being an English educator who had gone investigating in the forested areas. Bando remains with Sam for the late spring and revealed to him he would return at Christmas time. Sam truly battled throughout the winter, he arranged by putting away nuts in another tree close by and afterward by cutting a lot of kindling And endure he does with just the creatures to converse with and Frightful for friendship. Around Christmas time, his companion Bando returns. This time Bando revealed to him that there had been stories circling in New York City about a wild kid living alone in the woodland, however nobody could demonstrate it. The narratives became tremendous bits of gossip, newspapermen were looking around the forested areas attempting to locate the wild kid. Sam's dad acknowledged from the paper that it must be Sam they were discussing, so he chose to search for Sam. He at long last discovered Sam and wound up spending Christmas in the woods with Sam, Bando, and Frightful. After Sam's father left to come back to New York City, a newspaperman named Matt Spelling came looking around the timberland searching for the wild kid. Matt

The Righteous Deceit of Helen Turrell

Helen Turrell is depicted from the outset as a free overseer of her nephew, Michael Turell in the short story, â€Å"The Gardener† by Rudyard Kipling. Be that as it may, after figuring out the real story of this current character's story, her veneer of genuineness is stripped away. In it's place is an of falsehoods uncovered by the story's namesake, the Gardener. Her involvement in people in general is through a cloak of her falsehood. Rather than going to France to fix her lung inconvenience as the open idea, Helen was really there bearing Michael into the world. Other than this mystery, Helen's genuineness is a notable characteristic to the general public.To her child, in any case, her trustworthiness and untruths are a strain on their relationship. By ten years of age he finds that he is an ill-conceived youngster. At the point when Michael surprisingly passes on battling in World War I, Helen meets Mrs. Scarsworth. They meet while making a trip to visit Michael's grave, an d Mrs. Scarsworth prompts the main reflection of Helen's untruth. The Gardener at the memorial park affirms the ill-conceived child to the peruser. The story is by all accounts told from Helen's rendition of the happenings, and the open's tattle about it. Ostensibly, the open's tattle characterizes Helen's appearance outside of her deceit.Rudyard Kipling expands on his subject of the impacts of double dealing purchase building up the character Helen Turrell into an honest, sacrificial, yet tricky individual through her curved collaborations with the general population as a rule; her unfulfilled relationship with Michael Turrell; and her short, stressed relationship with Mrs. Scarsworth. Helen's relationship with the general population was a misleading one, yet the two gatherings picked up from the relationship. The starting sections of the story aren't exactly from the creators omniscient account. The sentences are short and data is inadequate and here and there missing, as if it wa s accumulated through gossip.From this it tends to be reasoned that the open tattle is composing this piece of the story. The initial section clarifies that Helen Turrell is sister to as of late perished George Turrell; when he kicked the bucket he left an embarrassment afterward of an ill-conceived child in India. Helen was enduring medical problems and recouping in France, however she returns back to her home in Hampshire with her nephew Michael. To the extent her relationship with people in general, â€Å"All these subtleties were open property, for Helen was as open as the day,† and â€Å"scandals are just expanded by quieting them up† (Kipling).Her legitimate notoriety shows how well the Helen stayed discreet from the general population. The tattle on Helen appeared to now and then spotlight on the amount of a fair individual she was, and this can be deciphered in two different ways. Her genuineness made the open regard her relationship with her nephew, despite th e fact that she uncovers that she lets him call her â€Å"mummy† at sleep time. No injustice was suspected. Be that as it may, concentrating on how legitimate somebody is asks for thoughtfulness regarding the deceptive human condition, and this is an unpretentious clue to the opposite side of Helen's veneer. This may have destroyed her, causing a portion of the pain in her relationship with her son.Helen Turrell has a one of a kind relationship with her child that fundamentally characterizes her character into one of honesty and generosity regardless of her exterior. At the point when her child, Michael, is around 10 years of age, he understands that his â€Å"civil status [is] not exactly regular,† and afterward he continues to â€Å"[break] down her stammered defences† (Kipling). The topic of Michael's authenticity will clearly be an irritated point for Helen that she isn't keen on discussing a lot. She has been concealing it her whole life, and that is defini tely not a little accomplishment, for it is her own son!This, joined with permitting Michael to call her â€Å"Mummy† at sleep time shows that she despite everything thinks of him as her child, with all the connection and feeling that accompanies it. In the wake of concealing it for such a long time, Helen doesn't have something besides a speculative reaction to Michael's assaults. Her provisional reaction mirrors that Helen doesn't harp on her trickery. She comprehends that trickery is ethically off base, and she is humiliated by its abhorrent nature. Since Helen is to some degree unfamiliar to her falsehood, her blamelessness is saved through the irreverent veneer. Her falsehood is so her child can have a superior life; it is benevolent, and in this way Helen is seemingly moral.This isn't to state that Helen laments her problem as Helen's gatherings with the bothered Mrs. Scarsworth uncover. Helen's relationship with Mrs. Scarsworth shows that Helen nearly doesn't understan d the degree of her trickery, and her double dealing is additionally appeared as great contrasted with Mrs. Scarsworth's obsessive lying. Helen meets Mrs. Scarsworth through her excursion to visit the grave of the now perished Michael. Mrs. Scarsworth is visiting the burial grounds under the reason of seeing commissions for companions who might be ameliorated realizing somebody made the outing. She winds up remaining in a similar lodging as Helen. In he night, Mrs. Scarsworth upsets Helen to admit that one of her payments was her affection. Helen â€Å"desperately† asks, â€Å"But for what reason do you let me know? †(Kipling) Helen's edginess is a conspicuous reaction to being upset so late around evening time. It is clearly irritating to be awoken so as to keep an eye on somebody's ethical issue, yet Helen is giving more than bothered consideration to the issue of Mrs. Scarsworth. Helen's falsehood is near uncovering herself at the topic of why Mrs. Scarsworth would uncover to her. Helen fears that Mrs. Scarsworth feels a natural connection with Helen and the evening time gatecrasher may speculate Helen's deception.That is the reason Helen really feels urgency towards Mrs. Scarsworth. Helen shouldn't be stressed however, for Mrs. Scarsworth admits of â€Å"always lying† for about â€Å"six years†(Kipling) of duplicity all out. This neurotic lying is a condition of insidiousness that fills in as a direct opposite of Helen's circumstance. Mrs. Scarsworth is noticeably and discernibly grieved by her lying, while Helen was just upset by the essential strain it put on her relationship with her child. Helen has lived with the trickiness for such a long time without stressing as a lot over it that it doesn't make a difference such a great amount to turn into the devastating and characterizing quality that it is a major part of Mrs.Scarsworth's life. Through Helen's feelings in her relationship with Mrs. Scarsworth, it is truly uncovered that Michael is her child and not her nephew. Here there is no notice of open tattle, yet maybe Helen would now be able to grasp her guiltlessness and admit since Michael has died. Helen's character is created as such through her associations with different characters in this short story. Her improvement is particularly appeared in her one of a kind communications with each extraordinary character on account of her trickiness. In any case, at long last, her misleading is a demonstration of benevolence and love, and cleans Helen's good slate.As a character, Helen's magnanimous guiltlessness is at last demonstrated by the presence of the plant specialist. The plant specialist's â€Å"endless compassion† â€Å"Unending love† in his eyes when his omniscience shows Helen where her â€Å"son†(Kipling) was reclaims her. The Gardener's qualities coordinate Christian Christ himself, and in demonstrating Helen where her child is, excuses her. The story finishes here, yet on the off chance that it was advised in reference to what open tattle knows, Helen more likely than not admitted after her excursion to the cemetery. Along these lines, Helen at last opens up and proceeds onward with her life past her exemplary double dealing.

Sexism In Rock N Roll - Free Essay Example

Thesis: Sexism is still alive in the rock world. Women artist in bands really dont get an fair chance. Women writers or women in general with a musical talent can basically have the craziest ideas that doesnt get appreciated as much a man in a rock band. Men expect women to be half naked in order to get attention. Women should be able to be theirselves and wear what they please without being judged or shamed about their ideas. Its really no secret that popular music, rock n roll can be sexist and misogynistic. Rock nroll came to life in the 50s, with Chuck Berry, Elvis and Little Richard, they all became popular in the 60s when The Rolling Stones and The Beatles took over the world. At the time sex, drugs and rock n roll was a mantra, an rousing war cry for a generation in transition, hypnotized by the men on stage with their guitars and glorified in music magazines like Rolling Stone. A cool rock band was formed. Like most industries during that time, the music industry was dominated by men. Men worked most of the positions of power and controlled the flow of information. The rock ?n roll establishment created a culture that reflected this male domination (McLeod 2002). Before she was a pioneering woman in rock, Patti Smith commented that rock ?n roll is for men. Real rock ?n roll is a mans job. I dont want to see no chicks tit banging against a bass (Smith in Janowitz 1987). For that Smith went on to achieve, in hindsight we can view this statement as somewhat tongue-in-cheek. It does, however, reflect a commonly held belief that serious pop music is the domain of men (Davies 2001). The success of Patti Smith and others, like Aretha Franklin and Tina Turner, suggest that women arent necessarily excluded from pop and rock music, were just not sure exactly where they fit in. The study falls heavily on gender role theory and asks the question, where do women fit into popular music? Using content analysis, the research looks at a selection of Rolling Stone magazine Greatest of All-Time lists and aims to compare the way in which men and women are represented by these lists. The research is to help fill a gap in scholarly work that looks at gender roles, music and journalism at the same time. Also in order to find womens place in rock n roll, we need to make a link between the music created by women, the medias representation of this music and how this differs from men. How does Rolling Stone magazine, as media and as part of the rock ?n roll establishment, construct gender roles in music, and what is the female role? Much of this tends to focus on the notion that pop music journalism is dominated by men (McLeod 2002). Kembrew McLeod makes an serious connection between the masculine culture and the fact that only a few women occupy positions of power within the rock journalism establishment. For McLeod, this establishment was very much established. McLeod argues that this culture remains dominant: Who works as a rock critic in large parts depends on ones immersion in the social sphere that rock critics inhabit, which in many ways resembles the old boy networks that for years dominated most businesses (2002). Stories about women in music magazines are often included because of and or focused on, the womans appearance. One person only has to look at covers of Rolling Stone in order for this to be apparent. Cover stories about men are mostly concerned with career or musical contribution to the world. Those about women on the other hand are often featured a scantily clad artist, model or pop starlet on the cover, and a suggestive headline. Women are less likely than men to learn a rock instrument like guitar, bass and drums at an early age because society dictates what young boys and girls are supposed to do and there is also a lack of female musical role models for young girls to emulate. Girls are less likely to be included in the formation of an adolescent band because these are more often than not based on friendship rather than musicianship and boys, being boys, will pick their ?buddy over some girls as well as the fact early adolescent social life is gendered. The study looks at a selection of Rolling Stone magazine Greatest of All-Time lists, which can be found on the Rolling Stone website. Five lists have been chosen for the sample. They are: the 100 Greatest Singers of All-Time; 100 Greatest Guitarists of All-Time; 100 Greatest Artists of All-Time; the top 100 of the 500 Greatest Albums of All-Time; and the top 100 of the 500 Greatest Songs of All-Time. The included lists were published in print between 2003 and 2008. Subsequent updates have appeared on the Rolling Stone website. Rolling Stone magazine lists were chosen over other similar lists, such as Billboard, thebest100lists.com and thetoptens.com, because of its longevity and standing within both the mus ic and journalism worlds. Since the 1970s Rolling Stone has been thought of as a credible and reliable source of music and political news (Brady 2009) .Upon undertaking the preliminary research, it became apparent that it was necessary to document the instances where a female appears more than once in the sample. Many of the men and women, who are listed in the top half of one of the lists, appear in one or more other lists. For example, the 18 men and 2 women who appear in the top 20 of the Top 100 Singers of All-Time list, all feature in the top 70 of the 100 Greatest Artists of All-Time. Johnson-Grau, in Sweet Nothings, points to the idea that women artist and musicians must be extraordinary in order to warrant recognition in the company of men (2002, p. 210). The decision to exclude vocalists is based on the view that ensemble instrument playing is both the principal site of musical authority in rock music and the activity from which women have been most fully excluded (1999, p. 99). the total female entr ies over the entire sample. Looking at these numbers its not hard to view these women as ?extraordinary. Not because they are rated alongside men, but because all of them have been considered, by their contemporaries and music experts, to be amongst the greatest contributors to music in more than one category. While they are few, at least in relation to men, these women whove left their indelible mark on popular musics history are regarded extremely highly by the rock ?n roll establishment, of which Rolling Stone magazine is an important part. Aretha Franklin, Tina Turner, Janis Joplin, Dusty Springfield, Joni Mitchell, Patsy Cline, Bonnie Raitt, Ronnie Spector, Patti Smith and Stevie Nicks are the exception to the rule that rock critics and historians of pop music have a tendency to forget things that they dislike or that do not fit their particular version of rock ?n roll authenticity (Johnson-Grau 2002, p. 203). The sexualisation of women in the media is a hotly debated topic. Countless studies have looked a t the way in which the media portray women, and thus help create gender roles (see Belkaoui 1976; Tuchman 1979; and Carter Steiner 2003). Two main theories stand out. The first is that most women are portrayed in traditional gender roles, that is mother, wife, sister etc.; and the second is that most media focus on a womans aesthetic qualities rather than their ideas and achievements (see Tuchman 1978; Bahr 1980; Macdonald 1995; and Allen, Rush Kaufman 1996). Both of these are substantiated by the data. Rolling Stone presents the sexy, sassy, elegant powerhouse Tina (Jackson for Rolling Stone 2004); the confident, Gospel-singing, passionate Aretha (Rolling Stone 2004 [A]); and the sweet, delicate, naked within a song Dusty (Rolling Stone 2008). All of these depictions fit into what is culturally normal for women. Furthermore, they all suggest an element of sex, or imply the artist embodies a certain image. While its not difficult to argue that sex and fashion are an intrinsic part of the music industry, Phil Dwyer argues that music is actually a part of the fashion industry (Dwyer 2003) . Johnson-Grau puts forward the notion that women in the music industry are almost exclusively compared with other women (2002, p. 210). The data collected doesnt refute this. Furthermore, the data indicates that female musicians are more likely than men to be likened to anyone else, regardless of sex. Over the modified sample of 98 articles, there were 24 comparisons between artists made. On 15 of these occasions, the artist being compared to somebody else was female. Expressions such as: created possibilities for; set the road map for the success of; set the stage for; or influenced everyone from were found to be far more common in the descriptions of women, than they were in the descriptions of men. The notion that women need to be extraordinary, courageous and inspirational in order to succeed in the music business has been thoroughly examined in this discussion. Perhaps one more ingredient is also needed. The above data seems to suggest that the rock ?n roll establishment likes to be able to trace the lineage of female musicianship, by comparing each generation of women in music to the previous one. Frith believes the misogynist culture of rock music forms a symbolic barrier to womens participation in rock ?n roll (1981, p. 228) . The sexualisation of women in the media is a hotly debated topic. Countless studies have looked at the way in which the media portray women, and thus help create gender roles (see Belkaoui 1976; Tuchman 1979; and Carter Steiner 2003). Two main theories stand out. The first is that most women are portrayed in traditional gender roles, that is mother, wife, sister etc.; and the second is that most media focus on a womans aesthetic qualities rather than their ideas and achievements (see Tuchman 1978; Bahr 1980; Macdonald 1995; and Allen, Rush Kaufman 1996).

Personal Statement On Identity And Personality - 1491 Words

Identity is very significant in one’s life. Every person in this life goes through a phase of self-assessment that involves trying to identify the different elements that compose one’s identity and personality, which can be perceived as an ultimate personal quest to answer the question â€Å"who am I?† Many cultures have rituals that provide the foundation for self-development of the individual and provide a pathway that guides the individual to the answers he or she is looking for. Since my birth, I belong to certain Community or Social Groups which can influence my identity and personality. The first was my nationality and family. I have been born in India and I belong to Hindu Culture and Religion group. I had been given my name â€Å"Harshit† by my aunt which means â€Å"One who gives happiness or Joyful or Happy†. I represent my Identity by showing my group which I belong to and how the group affects my personality. When I came to the United St ates for my further undergraduate studies, I joined classes, sports clubs and university clubs. These activities were part of my college curriculum. Overall, now I belong to multiple Social Groups such as my family, my classes, Hindu culture and religion, universities clubs, community groups and sports club. Within these groups, I have acquired good knowledge and have completely changed my conduct, how to get involved in social life and how to communicate effectively and fluently in English. The First and most significant group in my life is myShow MoreRelatedThe Results Support The Hypothesis That People From Individualistic Cultures857 Words   |  4 Pagestheir personality. They are also less influenced by situational and social factors so they are more consistent in showing their personality traits whereas individuals in collectivistic cultures may tailor themselves to their environment. 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African Americans in World War Ii - 997 Words

For many African Americans, the war offered an opportunity to get out of the cycle of crushing rural poverty. Black joined the military in large numbers, escaping a decade of Depression and tenant farming in the South and Midwest. Yet, like the rest of America in the 1940s, the armed forces were segregated. The Army accepted black enlistees but created separate black infantry regiments and assigned white commanders to them. Of the more than 2.5 million African Americans who registered for the draft in WWII, about 900,000 served in the Army. But about only 50,000 African Americans were allowed to serve in combat. African-American soldiers and civilians fought a two-front battle during World War II. There was the enemy overseas, and also†¦show more content†¦For at least one serviceman from Wichita, Kansas, the irony of being asked to die for a country that denied him basic civil rights was too much. James Thompson wrote to the Pittsburg Courier, and asked â€Å"Should I sacrifice to live ‘half American?† The newspaper responded by calling for a â€Å"Double V† campaign. The campaign borrowed on the well-known two-finger â€Å"V for Victory† salute from Winston Churchill. The paper proclaimed that blacks should work for the victory of democracy both at home and abroad. The Double V campaign caught on. Civil rights leaders such as A. Philip Randolph saw the unique situation created by World War II and the acute need for workers as an opportunity to demand equality. In 1941 Randolph threatened President Roosevelt with a 100,000-person march on Washington, D.C., to protest job discrimination. In response, Roosevelt issued Executive Order 8802, prohibiting discrimination in defense jobs or the government. On the home front, the U.S. government desperately needed workers to fill newly created defense jobs and factory positions left open by soldiers who had left to fight. 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Designing Operational Technology with Security

Question: Discuss about the Designing Operational Technology with Security. Answer: Introduction: The virtue should be given on keeping the higher focus in accordance with the security issues in IT sector environment. There is hundreds of hacker available who keep the eye on the confidential information to hack by making use of number of hacking tools (Lujan, 2011). It is necessity to think wider for securing the data and information from hacking and being misused by unauthorized persons. If the new virus arises in the environment and the internet generate the signal of contamination then necessary action should be taken in a direction of overcoming the virus attack. This can be done by the application of specific patch; specific port should be added to the firewall, and the addition of unique signature to the IDS devices. The violation of the information can be overcome by following three fundamental rules which are categorised as confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the data (Resnik, 2015). The higher focus should be given on developing the tactics correspondent to the arrival of viruses in daily working environment information technology. When we focus on security concern of information technology sector then we will be able to overcome the two common problems which are discussed below: It is hard to be aware unique security measures correspondent to every vulnerability which comes into existence. When we think about the vulnerabilities security issues we are only be able to overcome of the issues but not make ourselves proactively ready for the occurrence of vulnerability in any manner. In the present time of technological changes it has been observed that security is the peak step to be taken. The IT security focuses on protecting the nature and sensitivity associated with securing the data and information. From the survey and the research it has been seen that zoning is the key process which can be used for making security decision. This process involves defining of the subjects and objects which requires security. Each area should be highly focused separately to determine the risk and vulnerabilities attached with the component and the required a action can be taken. In the environment of technological changing environment, the requirement arises to pick the appropriate data from the pool of information, timely access, and analysis of independent open source intelligence are the necessary security awareness situation to fight against the emerging threats of security. The question which comes forward is that how we can make ourselves proactively ready for the occurrence of the vulnerability (Bresler, 2010). What action we can take against the arrival of the uncertain vulnerabilities. From the research of these questions we come across various practises and tools which help us to compete with the arising vulnerability. Thinking in zones, security in layering, creation of chokepoints, fundamentals of relational security, fundamentals of secret less security, practice of dividing responsibility, and lastly the failing of security are some of the best practices which can be applied to remain proactive and overcome the situation of occurrence of the vulnerability. It has been observed that the business operations and risk manager treated IT security as an art because they think that data should have to be collected to take the corrective action in taking the right judgement on the occurrence of the risk. The meaning of the term science to the expert is quantitative measure of the risk and capability of decision making (Miller, 2012). The IT security is the fundamental phenomenon which deals with management of risk associated with the project. From the survey and the research it has been concluded that 58% of the high professional treated IT security as a form of Science, 48% of the high professional treated IT security as a form of both Science and art and 57% of the high professional (Buhalis, 2012) treated IT security as a form of Art. The diversification has been seen in the opinion in relation with this question that IT security is an art or science. The result of the survey is analysed by dividing the opinion of the professionals in five different modules which are categorised as security management based on risk maturity and governance plans, metrics used for measuring the value of security of risk, development of key metrics for the evaluation of risk based security, controls provided on risk based security, and Communication, collaboration and development of culture in association with risk based security. In the survey it has been observed that the term art is means to the high professional is analysis of the ris k and capability of decision making in overcoming the risk. It has been observed that the business operations and risk manager treated IT security as an art because they think that data should have to be collected to take the corrective action in taking the right judgement on the occurrence of the risk. The meaning of the term science to the expert is quantitative measure of the risk and capability of decision making (Miller, 2012). The IT security is the fundamental phenomenon which deals with management of risk associated with the project. The measures used for IT security helps in reduction of risk, reduction in cost, and others. The human behaviour plays a major role in the management of IT security because every individual have different alternative to tackle the situation of risk occurred within the project. The good IT security is the degree of tackling with the situation. The concern with establishing IT security within the organization focuses on correct judgement on the al ternatives proposed, no impact of change in human behaviour, evaluation of the decision, and security of the data associated with the project. Risks are the major part of the project to handle for the success of the project. The IT security focuses on protecting the nature and sensitivity associated with securing the data and information. The potential harm to the data and information may result in the failure of the project in the near future. The myths and rumours have been seen that security of data and other credential of IT sector is the technology. In preparing the company to mitigate the risk the development of policy is quite necessary because the process of managing the risk is accompanied with number of choices and trade-offs. The process of mitigating the risk involves the participation of people because people play a major role and component of risk management equation (Robert, 2010). The major components which come forward in managing the risk are the human behaviour to control. From the above discussion it can be observed that IT security is an art of managing itself against the risk associated with the project. Fear and security of information are the interrelated terms which are treated together (Hadson, 2008). The positive effect of fear factors helps the manager to look forth to overcome the security issues raised in the initial stage of the project completion. The fear factors associated with the security of information are unauthorized accessing of the information, disclosure and disruption of the information, modification of the information, and others. The specialist of IT security focuses on making their project secure from the malicious attacks and others. It has been observed that the area of information security is growing at the faster rate. Regulation and certification are provided to the IT security. From the survey and research it has been concluded that the IT security issues are given importance in relation with increment seen in securing the data and information, professionals are hired for securing the information of technology from uncertain and unknown risk occurred inside the organization which may play the role of hindrance in the success of the project. It is a key to step to overcome the risk in the initial stage of the project so that the project is completed successfully. There are several factors responsible for the implementation of tactics used for the securing the information and data in relation with IT sector which are described below: Vital role to test the features of the product The product should meet the requirement of the organization which are clearly mentioned in the scope of work Personnel attrition should be focused The importance should be given on the changing nature of the human behaviour The problem of rework arises due to the poor implementation of inefficient security program. The cost may be raised There may be the lack of integration of the new product with the existing environment Failure of the product when it does not matches with the requirement, delivery on time, quality standards Logical conclusion should be drawn to overcome the proposed fear and risk associated with the project (Brown, 2013). The violation of the information can be overcome by following three fundamental rules which are categorised as confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the data. Conclusion: The factors which are commonly associated with the security of information are the attack of viruses, worms, phishing, and Trojan. Identity theft is the other major concern of IT security. It is a key to step to overcome the risk in the initial stage of the project so that the project is completed successfully. Fear and security of information are the interrelated terms which are treated together. In the present time of technological changes it has been observed that security is the peak step to be taken Brown, 2013). The decision to overcome the fear associated with the information security should be taken by using the knowledge and experience. The fear factor can be combatted by making use of security mind. References: Lujan, G. (2011).A psychological perspective on vulnerability in the fear of cyber crime(1st ed.). Retrieved from https://eprints.lse.ac.uk/21534/1/A_psychological_perspective_on_vulnerability_in_the_fear_of_crime_(LSERO_version).pdf Resnik, D. (2015).States need to plan with security in mind on every IT project.(1st ed.). Retrieved from https://www.statetechmagazine.com/article/2016/03/states-need-plan-security-mind-every-it-project Bresler, L. (2010). Designing operational Technology with security in mind(1st ed.). Retrieved from https://www.cyberark.com/designing-operational-technology-security-mind/ Buhalis, A. (2012). A computer security is not a science(1st ed.). Retrieved from https://www.cis.upenn.edu/~stevez/papers/GGKS03.pdf Miller, N. (2012).The art and science of security research(1st ed.). Retrieved from https://www.defcon.org/images/defcon-19/dc-19-presentations/Conti/DEFCON-19-Conti-Security-Research.pdf Robert, P. (2010).Information security Art or science?(1st ed.). Retrieved from https://prezi.com/byr_dqsuidef/information-security-art-or-science/ Hadson, I. (2008).Fear factor perception of safety in south africa(1st ed.). Retrieved from https://www.google.co.in/url?sa=trct=jq=it%20security%20fear%20factor%20research%20paper%20pdfsource=webcd=1cad=rjauact=8ved=0ahUKEwjf7o_ypNXQAhXBN48KHTNoBlMQFggaMAAurl=https://www.hsrcpress.ac.za/downloadpdf.php Martin, T. (2014).Computing security issues and research challenges(1st ed.). Retrieved from https://www.ijcsits.org/papers/Vol1no22011/13vol1no2.pdf Brown, G. (2013).A overview and study of security issues and challenges(1st ed.). Retrieved from https://www.ijarcsse.com/docs/papers/9_September2012/Volume_2_issue_9/V2I900174.pdf

Marketing Plan Cocacola Vietnam free essay sample

It consists of examining market research, auditing situation analysis and carefully scrutinizing the soft drink industry and possibilities for Coca Cola in the market. We have carefully analyzed the internal and external business environments and critically examined the industry in general, considering all external threats and opportunities. 2. Introduction In  1886,  Coca-Cola  was first  introduced  to the public, which  attracted  the attention  of most people  who enjoy the  colorful and unique beverage. Today, the  name Coca-Cola  soft drinks  is regarded as  a symbol  of America,  not  just in America but almost  200  countries around the world. Demographic analysis Vietnams population is currently around 86 million people, an average annual increase of 947 thousand people. Vietnam is a country of many races: there are 54 ethnic groups, in which the Vietnamese are the most numerous. The Vietnamese account for about 86% of the population throughout the country and people live in the delta, while most other ethnic group living mainly in midland areas and mountainous areas. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Plan Cocacola Vietnam or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Results from a sample  survey figures showed today, Vietnam is in a period of demographic bonus, the period that the population of working age more than twice that age groups population depends. However, our country also began to enter the period of aging. In addition to the youth market factors, consumer incomes in urban Vietnam have increased significantly in recent years. In a certain extent, this will continue to affect consumer habits and lifestyles of the people of Vietnam. Large population and increasing every year, the population concentrated in the plains, and large cities, so this area is the primary market. Population structure of gold will bring opportunities for companies in the industry have been the source of child labor, skilled. 2. SWOT Analysis: Coca-Cola contains caffeine and caramel which can adverse effects on the teeth (if prolonged) which is an issue for health care. It also has got sugar by which continuous drinking of Coca-Cola may cause health problems. Being addicted to Coca-Cola also is a health problem, because drinking of Coca-Cola daily has an effect on your body after few years. . c) Opportunities: Brand recognition is an important factor in affecting Cokes competitive position. Coca-Colas brand name is known well throughout 94% of the world today. The main concern of Coca Cola Marketing Strategies has been just to improvise its system and make it even more recognizable. The bottling system of Coca Cola allows the company to take advantage of its growth opportunities. d)Threats: The main threat is Price. A small increase in price, let’s say just 1 rupee will have a drastic effect on sales. Only because people will go for the next available substitute i. e. Pepsi so price change is a major factor in affecting Sales of coca cola and in marginal profits. Coca Cola can face major losses if it goes for a sudden increase or decrease in price. 4. Market objectives Cocacola_tap maker the worlds largest fresh water it has been successful in many countries around the world so as to penetrate into Vietnam market cocacola has chosen a strategy to serve the entire market. Initially, cocacola focus on market segments that demand characteristics and population density have higher rates. In the period of market access in Vietnam based coacola respectively north (Hanoi), central Da Nang), south (Ho Chi Minh) and gradually expand to the neighboring city. After having studied the Vietnam market, cocacola identified these cities that are capable of very high consumption of their products Overall beverage market in Vietnam is considered high potential. So, that Coca Cola has begun to penetrate from 1960, and until December 2 / 1994 shall continue to come back (after the embargo on American trade. ) Estimated market will continue to grow significantly  in the coming years (2012 will increase 46% over 2007). Coca Cola assessment Vietnam will grow dramatically in the next 10 years, maybe the top 25 markets most of its potential. So make coacacola market segments primarily by geography (focus on large cities where the population density and high frequency of use) and demographic (primarily youth-type objects  demand for high). It is also a target market of cocacola. Coca-Cola only works in the field of beverages, including drinking water, drinking alcohol and carbonated drinks. The company has created a lot of drinks with flavor, different models to meet the diverse needs of customers, such as low gas Coke, Sprite, Fanta, Coke and Vanilla flavor, Coke, juice,. In recent years, the company has research and development constantly adding new products to serve consumers Vietnam Joy as bottled water, energy drink Samurai, Sunfill fruit pulp, and add more flavor  new position for the traditional products to meet the tastes and the tastes of Vietnam as Fanta Lemon, Fanta Strawberry, Lemon Soda, etc. Coca-Cola Company continues to do long-term commitment in Vietnam and innovation to meet the increasing demand in the beverage market dynamics and potential in Vietnam 5. Price strategy Cocacola product price is based on buyer perceptions of value. They see the buyers perception of value rather than the sellers cost which is an important basis for pricing. They use the cost factor prices in the marketing mix to build perceived value in the minds of buyers. Rates are set also based on the perceived value. Cocacola pricing has strategy of market penetration: unlike the high pricing strategy to refine market strategy, business valuation cocacola new products to the relatively low market penetration, in the hope that will attract  a large number of customers and gain a large market share. Discount pricing: most enterprises cocacola will adjust its prices to commercial customers who prepay, buying large quantities of cash payment discount. In other words, a discount is given to customers who buy products in bulk. The price of the product regardless of the form: according to models and the product of Cocacola items are priced differently, but the rate of stocking differs. Price may depend on product category: cocacola enterprises often produce many types of products and goods. They vary in brand, form, size, and signal power so that they are priced at different scales. Currently, the price of Coke products in the market is higher than that of same products, respectively, but the difference in price is not high. 6. Distribution The  products  Coca-Cola  are produced in  three  bottling plants  located in  Ho  Chi Minh  City, Hanoi  and Danang. In 2001,  Vietnam government  agreed to allow  three  bottling plants  merged  under  the centralized management  structure,  in which  the  Coca-Colabottling plants were built  in Vietnam . Two  bottling plants  in Hanoi and  Da  Nang  are operating  as  two branches  of  Coca-Cola  Company  in northern and in middle part of Vietnam. With  three  manufacturing plants  in the  north, central and south  enabling  companies  to expand  the distribution network  in the  area,  to provide adequate  product  for  the  subsidiaries  in  this area. For  beverage products,  the distribution  is important,  the  Pepsi  on  the Vietnamese owns more than  Coca  distributors, so  Coca  continues to  expand  distribution network through  cafes, restaurant,  and  attract  dealers  by increasing  the  support of  agents  such as accompanying gifts ,  decorating  shop  support,  financial support†¦ 7. Advertising One of the secrets for the success of Coca-cola is advertising activities. Everyone knows that the quality and taste of Coca-Cola has not changed for more than 100 years. However, they take advantage of advertising activities, marketing to build a popular brand. Coca-Cola is one of the few companies spend an amount equivalent to the cost of production to polish brand right from the start. In addition, the confidence of the Coca-cola is what makes the brand today, which is expressed in their advertising slogans. The motto such as The great national temperance beverage (1906), 6 million a day (1925), The only thing like Coca-Cola is Coca-Cola itself (1942), What you want is a Coke (1952)  Coke is it (1982) and Always Coca-Cola (1993) have demonstrated ambition and confidence of the brand. Coca Cola has always invested in the advertising strategies of its products. At the retail stores and in supermarkets, Coca Cola products are always eye-catching. To obtain this privilege, Coca Cola has to pay a huge amount of money. They always take an active priority for advertising their products to people through television, newspapers, activities and games. According to media companies and market research TNS Vietnam, Coca-Cola in Vietnam has spent about U. S. $ 1. 5 million for product advertisements on television and in newspapers in 2008. The advertising of Coca really attracts the attention of people with unique ideas, creativity. New commercials of Coca came up with Mr BRRRRRRRrrrr, the Happiness Factory and most recently with ad ideas on how to celebrate the victory of the famous football star with the official song of World Cup 2010. 8. Promotion For the success of Coca-cola on the Vietnam market today, these marketers have taken advantages of communication tools. Understanding the psychology of consumers, Coca-cola is aware that promotional activities are one of the best tools to promote the image of the product to consumers. Coca-Cola Company has recently launch promotions across the country for young dynamic â€Å"Flip Win.   The difference of this program with other promotions is that they consider group rather than an individual. This spirit is reflected from a winning formula: pair of cans to bottle caps or rings to win prizes that young people are interested in . Customers purchasing the product bottles and beverage cans produced by Coca-Cola Vietnam, such as Coca-Cola, Fanta Orange, Sprite, Samurai, Thums Up will have a chance to win the attractive prize Piaggio LXV  125, mobile phone Sony Ericsson W700i, T-shirts, clocks and Coca-Cola The awards are not merely objects but also show how to use young people as well as expressing the personality style of life they enjoy. Young people drinking bottles or cans of Coca-Cola products will have bottle cap ring shaped half of the prize. If they put together 2 cans lids or two rings to make a prize sign they will win. So chances of winning will be higher if the customer are together to coordinate and collect information of luck. The use of other forms of promotion not only allows the companys sales increase, but it captures the value that the company gives its customers. This is a powerful communication tool not only for Coca-cola but most companies to grow its market share. 9. Multi-strategies Coca-Cola Vietnam often organizes interesting activities and meaningful to customers, especially for the youth. These activities create an innovative, dynamic, optimistic, happy image. These activities can enhance the relationship between Coca-Cola and consumers. One of the successful campaigns is Happiness Factory campaign: to show the world is full of passion and a bottle of Coca-Cola can inspire consumers, which are held in many creative activities. On this occasion, Coca-Cola also spent nearly a million of trial products to consumers in big cities like Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City and Can Tho. Another one is Sing with Coca-Cola the opportunity for young people to sing and discover new talents. As one of the celebrated series of operations of the campaign is BRRRR drink Coca-Cola is being implemented nationwide contest  SUMMER BRRRR-KOOL is organized to encourage the spirit of experiencing new things in life which is full of joy and inspiration. Coca-Cola would like to bring a fresh and entirely new, unique and like no other experience to consumers. Coca-Cola campaign organization Coca-Cola There are always delicious dishes: to promote the culinary culture of Vietnam through many fun activities including reality TV program cooking competition  . Meal is an opportunity for people to gather, chat and enjoy delicious food together. A delicious meal with a fun atmosphere increases the emotional bond between family members, friends, colleagues Thus, Coca-Cola made the Coca-Cola There are always delicious dishes to promote and enrich the cultural cuisine Vietnam as well as combine food and enjoy a mix to bring your appetite and bringing people closer together. Coca-Cola has sponsored the reality TV showcooking competition: 9 am Sunday aired weekly on Channel HTV9 starting 18/10, replay at 10h20 on Saturday  HN1 channels and Friday 20h30, 10h30 Saturdays on Channel HTV3. This is not just an entertaining program, but also a knowledge of food supplements, to help you have more information to choose foods that are good for your health, know how to prepare favorite dishes, as well  as there are exciting moments with friends and family. Coca-Cola also provides professional culinary sites with useful information on Channel 14 at: http://duataiamthuc. kenh14. vn/: Here, the young participants can register and update about the cuisine compete with Coca-Cola, answer questions to win weekly prizes and share with friends about the delicious food, the specialty of each region along  addresses the national cuisine. On this occasion, Coca-Cola also provides 300,000 free trial samples at restaurants, cafes in two urban areas of Hanoi and HCMC. The program Sharing the same one the best? For Coca-Cola beginning in the people you love : send hundreds, thousands of good wishes to the people all over the country. Special programs beginning in Coca-Cola will spend the same amount of 233,420,000 corresponding to 46,684 words of love you have given the close friends during the time of the program to support community programs for Clean Water  the same. With this significant program, this years New Years clients not only share the love with coca, but also contributes to the community. Cokes new campaign inspired, especially the activities celebrating winning a complete improvisation. Fans can share the joy of victory through music, interactive events. In addition, the programs parade trophy World Cup (Coca-Cola FIFA World Cup Trophy Tour) will be the focal point in this chain of events. The message of this activity is: Together Coca-Cola Celebrate South Africa win the World Cup.   Gold Cup through the journey through 86 countries before handing the championship team in South Africa in the summer. Vietnam is the 2nd stop of the official journey around the world, after the departure earlier this month in India, 1 / 2010. Coca-Cola to bring our customers and also football fans the chance to see firsthand and take photo with the most prestigious gold trophy this planet. The activities of the festival called on fans to express the spirit of optimism and passion for football to harmony with the spirit of sports enthusiasts worldwide. With this event, fans have  opportunity to see firsthand the most prestigious gold trophy planet, also participate in recreational activities such excitement: take photo with the gold trophy, watch 3D movies on the exciting moments of  FIFA World Cup, a battle of the game exciting challenge, Coca-Cola is served free of charge and many other exciting activities. As World Cup approaching, Coca-Cola Vietnam for fans Vietnam contest Celebrate Endless fun with attractive award final. Thereby, on 15 / 3 until 31 / 5, fans will post the clip to celebrate goals penned http://www. coca-cola. zing. vn/ website. Persons with impressive clips celebrating goal have highest number of votes on this web page will be rewarded to South Africa with a capacity of 12 young football talent in The Global Football Camp Coca-Cola  South Africa 2010 in June. TV viewers will decide which 12 will face South Africa won the power to participate in The Global Football Camp Coca-Cola South Africa 2010 in June to come through the reality television program by VTV  implementation, training records images, challenges and competition of 24 applicants and broadcast on VTV3. All recruitment activities, training, and daily challenges of the children in The Global Football Camp Coca-Cola South Africa 2010 as well as in 4-day training will be focused this broadcaster  Vietnam and the recording into a 12 episode reality TV, broadcast on VTV3 each week at 7 pm, and again on Thursday next three weeks on VTV6 at 20h45 with time approximately 30 minutes per file. Over 12 episodes, outside activities and challenging training, viewers will see the story with the emotional and happy and sad memories of the children throughout the program. Team with highest number of votes from viewers during the broadcast will win South Africas capacity to participate in The Global Football Camp Coca-Cola South Africa 2010 in June to come. Through the program, they meet and exchange with brand ambassador of Coca-Cola is the field of music singer Phuong Vy. In addition, they also see the video clip celebrating goals of the players, the team known for creating a way to celebrate the unique goals of the individual and the team. In four days of training under the guidance of coach Trieu Quang Ha, professional groups and two representatives of VFF brand ambassador of the sport in the Coca-Cola is the national players and the football players of Binh Duong club player Philani South African, 24 children were divided into two teams (each team 12 children) to be trained in basic professional football, pass the loopchallenge and compete directly antagonistic. Conclusions After completing our project we have come up with following recommendations for the Coca Cola Company, which are following: †¢ So the Coca-Cola Company should think about bringing innovations in their products for example new diet flavors or maybe more juices so as to fulfill the need of local market. †¢ Marketing team should try to increase the availability of Coke in rural areas. †¢ Coca Cola Company should think about producing Coke Can locally. Because currently coke Cans are only smuggled from abroad and sold at high prices. The Coca Cola Company can capitalize on this factor.

Spike Lees Do The Right Thin essays

Spike Lee's Do The Right Thin essays Spike Lee's representation of the severed relations between the racial groups that co-exist in the community of Bed Sty throws the question of "what is the right thing to do" and also "is there such thing as truth," right into our faces forcing us to grapple with them. With the presentation of opposing tactics of Martin Luther King Jr.'s "non-violence," and Malcolm X's "violence in self-defense is intelligence" one must wonder, can the two ideals contribute simultaneously in the struggle toward the same goal of achieving mutual understanding without annihilating each other in the process? Lee sees this violence as the only means necessary in making everyone painfully aware of the injustices racism causes, picking up the battle where the peaceful means of attempting to understand one another fizzles out. However this violence is a result of the rigid interpretation of preconceived assumptions of a racial group without consideration to the individuals distinct identity. This community exists not on the basis of true understanding of each other but parallels the concept found in Bellow's story of a flexible societal structure. Everyone present in that community finds a way to tolerate each other in order to perpetuate their own survival. Sal sells his pizza to make money, and is pleasant enough to the community to ensure he'll have a good day in profits. The Korean grocers run their business in the same manner as well. Mookie and Vito start to break down the racial walls that are strongly held up by the community's perception, because their situation has placed them in a position where rigid adherence to stereotypes of the other group doesn't benefit the common purpose of the job at hand. Buggin' Out and Pino are characters who adhere to the rigid representational structure and define their identity by their ethnicity alone rather than a combination of their culture and their personality. These two characters are instigators who dem...

Sabra and Shatila Masacre Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Sabra and Shatila Masacre - Essay Example The Sabra and Shatila Massacre is considered a forgotten incident in the western media. [2] How ever the incident is considered to be a controvercial issue with the Palestinian, Arab and International Muslims, alleging Israel to be the main culprit behind the tragic incident, acusing the Jewish State of Master minding the Israel event incidents. Israel on the contrary partially agrees of its link with the incident but denying any knowledge of a mass murder during the time of its procession clearing itself with the direct massacre of the refugee camp inhabitants. Israel supported Bachir and considered the maronite forces to be the counter balance to the PLO and thus the relationship between Israel and Maronites became stronger, with the Falangists in particular, by the passage of time. How ever, nine days before he was due to take oath, Bachir was assasinated in a bomb detonation attack at the head quarters of the Phalangists party on 14th September 1982. The attack was alleged by the Falangists to be the work of PLO activists which later became a misperception as investigations and confessions later on reveald a Syrian hand in the assasination. Mr.Arial Sharon, who is considered the master mind behind the incident, declared that there were 2000 PLO activists in the refugee camp. Sabra and Shatila was surrounded by tanks and and soldiers with check points to monitor entry and exit of people. Despite of the check points around 150 Falangists, motivated with the feeling revenge after the assasination of their leader, entered the Sabra and Shatila Refugee camp alleging it to be a sanctuary and breeding nest for the PLO activists and aiming to wipe out their presence iniatiated. -these fighters are alleged to inserted by Israel- A plan of defence Minsiter Ariel Sharon [3] According to witnesses, a carnage of mass murder, rape, desecration of corpses & demolition of buildings with the residents still inside. The "genocide" as discussed above cotinued for 62 hours from 16th September going on to Saturday morning and had resulted in casualties speculated to be in 750-3400 estimated by various sources. IDF intelligence suggests a death toll to be between 700-800 persons [4] Dr. Ang Swee Chai, an eye witness to the Massacre reveals in her book " From Beirut to Jerusalem: "The truth hit me painfully...Besides being shot dead, people was tortured before being killed. They were beaten brutally, electric wires were tied round limbs, eyes were dug out, women were raped, and often more than once, children were dynamited alive. Looking at all the broken bodies, I began to think that those who had died quickly were the lucky ones. Extract from p67 of the book "From Beirut to Jerusalem". [5] United Nations Condemns On Dec 16 1982 United Nations Organization's General Assembly condemned the massacre terming it as an act of "Genocide" The General Assembly, Recalled its resolution 95 (I) of 11 December 1946, It also recalled its resolu

Cost Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cost Accounting - Essay Example The budget is not only the widely used instrument for managements planning but is also the fundamental accounting model of management control. The development of the budget requires the participation of many individual who are made responsible for the control of their planned costs within a company. The ever increasing use of standard cost provides a necessary measure of what cost should be. These standard costs permit an early preparations and presentation of short run cost reports to operating management and summary statements to executive and middle management, highlighting the deviations from planned goals. Standard cost should ideally be the integral part of budget in its preparation as well as its use as a control device. Cost accounting can assist management's levels in planning and control duties by providing information via analytical tools that express more vividly and forcefully multidimensional aspects of managerial problems. Break even analysis offers another method that permits managements to judge the over all plan on a pragmatic and convenient bases. The budget is one method of securing reliable and prompt information regarding the operation and control of an enterprise. When manufacturing are based on standard for material labor and overhead, a strong team of possible control and reduction of costs is created.

Macbeth Coursework Essay Example for Free

Macbeth Coursework Essay Refer ring to the three main scenes that the witches appear in, write about the effect they give to the play as a whole and also how they influence Macbeth to behave as he does. Macbeth, a tragic story of how greed can corrupt the mind. Written in 1606 for King James the first, people did actually believe in witches. I my-self believe that William Shakespeare used the witches as the fuel for his play, I think this led to the massive success of Macbeth. When people thought of King James the first they may have also thought of witches. After all James did publicise his beliefs and thought in witches. He believed that they had an effect on his life. The people of his countries (England and Scotland) would have thought it was completely normal. Now a day, if someone accused someone of being a witch, the accuser would be looked upon in society as insane. The idea of witches over the years has simply dried out. In class we have watched and studied two different films based on Macbeth. One was Macbeth on the Estate. This was extremely different to what I expected. Produced in 1996 its quite a modern film. I thought it was incredible how they managed to use every word from Macbeth, (the play its-self) and fit it into a modern set. The film was filmed on an estate on Birmingham and the main characters were young street yobs! Personally I think it must have been a hard job for the film producers to re-film Macbeth into a modern time. Another film was just called Macbeth produced in 1971 its quite an old film. It was though exactly what I expected. It was a brilliant film and only a few features let it down. Music which I think plays a big role in films and plays because it allows us to understand the mood and feeling of the play/film. I think technology was to blame for this though! Did the witches have an effect on the audience? Yes of course did. Why? Simply because witchcraft played an big part in the lives of the people who lived during the period of the 1500s to the 1600s. I mean, going out to town, bowling is all normal but what about going to see the local witch been executed publicly? 300 years ago this would as normal as any of the activities above. Back then I think people were fascinated with witches. Witches held so much mystery and had a force of fear surrounding them. Of course this is what people thought, if people went to see Macbeth at the theatre in Leeds, obviously I dont think people would have as much interest as people 300 years ago. There would be interest in the witches Im not saying the opposite, but not as much as back then. I think it would make the audience wonder how and why the people of the 1600s lived like they did. The witches appear in three main scenes in Macbeth: Act 1 scene 1 Act 1 scene 3 Act 4 scene 1 In act 1 scene 1 they, to me, introduce the play. Although we often forget that the play is all about witchcraft, thinking about it, the witches do play an important part in Macbeth. I think when Shakespeare wrote act 1 scene 1 his intentions were to grip the audience at the very beginning. The witches do not appear to do anything in this scene it seems as if theyre there to introduce them-selves, they dont really appear for a reason. I think its just to hype the audience up for the rest of the play. In act 1 scene 3 the witches tell us basically what Macbeth is about. Shakespeare grips the audience even tighter when they say: FIRST WITCH: All hail Macbeth, hail to thee Thane of Glamis. SECOND WITCH: All hail Macbeth, hail to thee Thane of Cawdor. THIRD WITCH: All hail Macbeth, that shalt be King hereafter. I think Shakespeare here uses repetition really well. It adds mystery and feeling to the play. A Victorian audience at this moment must be really into the play. The mystery deepens even more when less than a few scenes away a messenger arrives to tell Macbeth that he is now Thane of Cawdor. A modern audience at this point must shiver with excitement. A Victorian audience may have done the same, after all these people did fear witches in their day. In act 4 scene 1 I dont really feel that this scene does much for the play. Some people may disagree and I can see why. I mean people sat their reading the book must be thinking, how the hell can a tree move? This is because Macbeth says: MACBETH: Who can impress the forest, bid the tree Unfix its earth-bound root? This will keep the reader wondering, I wonder when this prophesy will come true? I think they would think this because they want to see how the tree ends up moving this was clever on Shakespeares part this would have helped keep the audience interested. There are three prophesies all which tell Macbeth when to start worrying. The language the witches use is strange even for Shakespeares time! Another thing is that the lines are shorter than the lines in other parts of the play. I dont think this is a coincidence, I personally think Shakespeare did this to keep the witches rhymes simple. I think he did this to keep the audience interested and not put them off. The use of rhyme people often forget that poetic writing doesnt have to rhyme, in fact in the play there isnt really much rhyming going on, but when the witches speak in Macbeth therere speeches do rhyme unlike most parts of the play. To add even more mystery to the witches they use strange ingredients in their potions! I mean we all expect strange items but not that strange. Cats tongues, guts, eyes what more do we want? I think this would have helped Shakespeare with his audience. I think they would have loved the idea of witches around a cauldron especially James! Going back and looking at these two scenes: Act 1 scene 3 Act 4 scene 1 We see that Macbeth is involved in both scenes. In act 1 scene 3 we see Macbeth as a worrier for his country, a gentleman. In this scene he bumps into the witches with Banquo his best friend. From what I can tell Macbeth is a bit shocked I think this because he basically asks them what they are, I think he doubts that they are human. I think this because Macbeth says: MACBETH: Speak if you can: what are you? The witches then tell Macbeth that he shall be Thane of Cawdor then King. Banquo interrupting seems more enthusiastic about talking to the witches who then tell Banquo his children shall be Kings. Maybe Macbeth is trying to take in what hes just been told. I think Macbeth wants to believe the witches but he doesnt want to get his hopes up. Thats why hes looking for a reason, he asks: MACBETH: By Sinells death I know I am Thane of Glamis, But how, of Cawdor? The Thane of Cawdor lives A prosperous gentleman; The witches then vanish and Macbeth is left talking to Banquo. I think Macbeth is still avoiding taking about him been King, he says: MACBETH: Your children shall be Kings. In Act 4 Scene 1 we see Macbeth as a murderer and a evil man or should I say King. He barges onto the scene and demands answers from the witches I know this because he says: MACBETH: Howeer you come to know it, answer me: Three apparitions then go on to tell Macbeth three things: One that he should be aware of Macduff, Two that he should he should be aware of anyone not born from a womens womb and Three that he should we weary when the woods begin to move. I think at this point in the play Macbeth is worried about Banquos children and what the witches told Macbeth at the beginning of the play. I think this because he says: MACBETH: Can tell so much-will Banquos issue ever Reign in this Kingdom? The witches do not give Macbeth his answer. I think the reason for this is because if the audience know the answer to this question then they can figure out the end of the play. As Ive already said, I do think the witches played an enormous part in Macbeth. I also think that they play a rather big part in Macbeths life after all arent they really the ones responsible for King Duncans death? I think they are. I think this because at the end of the day the witches gave Macbeth the idea of killing the witch. I think as soon as the third witch says: THIRD WITCH: All hail Macbeth, that shalt be King hereafter. I think this is, in a way the poison been injected into Macbeths blood. Its only a matter of time before it begins to kick in, and when it does Macbeth will think up his plans to murder King Duncan. Another reason I think the witches are to blame is because Macbeth wouldnt have done it with out them I think this because Macbeth says to his wife when she pushes him into murdering Duncan: MACBETH: We will proceed no further in this business He also says: MACBETH: So foul and fair a day I have not seen. I think the above proves he wouldnt have murdered Duncan if he had not met the witches. I dont think the witches are all to blame though, I dont think Lady Macbeth helps either shes always trying to push Macbeth into committing murder. Some people in the audience may wonder if Lady Macbeth is a witch or perhaps the witches have put a spell on her? I have seen two different versions of the witches on screen and both were extremely different. Obviously the two versions were Polanskis version and Macbeth on the Estate. In Polanskis version the witches were what you would expect, old ugly women who lived in a dirty smelling cave but in Macbeth on the estates version the witches were played by three children who lived in an old abandoned flat. I thought this was a rather interesting (and clever) concept. Both films were very good but if I had to choose one which I thought was the most effective (concerning the witches only) I would choose Polanskis version. This is because the witches were exactly what I expect and want. You dont want sweet little children playing the part of horrible witches. It just isnt Macbeth. It rips the whole idea of witches into shreds or to be more precise it doesnt follow the stereotype. Some people may think this is a bad thing but I would have to disagree with them. However in Polanskis version the witches are brilliant theyre ugly, theyre old, theyre dirty and theyre naked. I also think Polanskis version was better because we saw the witches using magic. For example when they faded out into thin air. It was what I expected and the reasons above are the reasons I choose Macbeth over Macbeth on the Estate.

Flowcharting :: GCSE Business Marketing Coursework

Flowcharting A flowchart is a planning tool that uses graphics or symbols to illustrate the steps of a particular process. In a business organization "flowcharting, also known as logic or flow diagramming, is an invaluable tool for understanding the inner workings of, and relation- ships between, business processes." (Harrington, 86) There are four basic flowcharts, each having a specific function and they include: block diagrams, ANSI standard flowchart, functional flowchart, and geographical flowchart. Understanding and applying flowcharts normally will improve the quality of a company's product or service. The most common type of flowchart is a block diagram, also known as a block flow diagram. "Block diagrams provide a quick overview of a process, not a detailed analysis. Normally they are prepared first to document the magnitude of the process; then another type of flowchart is used to analyze the process in detail." (Harrington, 92) Block diagrams use elongated circles to depict the beginning and the end of a flowchart, and all activities in between are represented by rectangles with lines and arrows connecting each activity. Of the four basic flowcharts, the block diagram is the easiest to understand and use. As previously stated, a block diagram is a flowchart that is used as a starting point. Applying the ANSI standard flowchart makes a perfect follow-up flowchart that provides greater detail using additional symbols. A rectangle is used to indicate a change of operation. A diamond is used to indicate that a decision is to be made. The movement or transportation of property is indicated by a fat arrow while a slim arrow denotes the movement from one process to another. An elongated circle depicts the beginning and the end of a process. The amount of detail involved with the ANSI standard flowchart accurately depicts the sequence of events of a specific business process. Another type of flowchart is a functional flowchart. "A functional flowchart identifies how vertically oriented functional departments affect a process flowing horizontally across an organization." (Harrington 101) For example, the hiring process might begin with a manager realizing the need for another employee so his request would then be submitted to the controller to evaluate the budget. The controller would then ask the personnel department to conduct interviews to search for an employee to hire. Using either standard or block flowchart symbols works effectively with a functional flowchart.

Judgement Day

â€Å"First of all, let me apologise for our pathetic performance against Crystal Palace. Enough has been said about that already, and now we must focus positively on this afternoon's match. It's a game we must win, and then keep or fingers crossed about the eventual outcome. I don't want to think about the unthinkable. † The colourful, shiny programme I held in my hands trembled as I read this. It was from the weekly interview with the Portsmouth F. C. manager, Graham Rix. It sounded a long way away from the cool and collected manager, who had denied all problems and remained optimistic until this day. For you see, this was no ordinary day, no ordinary Saturday match for the inhabitants of the bustling south coast city of Portsmouth. This was like something out of a cheesy American movie. It was the last day of the season and, as they had been forced to do four times in the last six years, Portsmouth had to win to stay in the division. It was their own fault really, as many a Pompey fan would admit. They had spurned their chance to escape this last day nerve-jangler only three days prior to this momentous day. The chance had arisen when they played Crystal Place, the team one place below them, the place feared by managers and fans alike, the final relegation place. It had been a cold, damp night at Fratton Park, and yet still, the Pompey faithful wore only the shimmering blue and gold shirt, onto which, the Portsmouth badge was stitched. They had turned out in there hoards, believing this would be the night when our troubles came to an end, and after which we could relax, safe in the knowledge that we would remain in Division One for at least one more year. It was evident as the match kicked off that all was not well, as Palace stroked the ball around the park with ease, confident in their own surviving ability. This confidence paid off, and, within the first ten minutes of the match they had scored. They kept going, and by half time they were leading the uncomfortable looking ‘royal blues' 3-0. The rot continued, and despite a bright spell of ten minutes, in which they clawed it back from the brink to 3-2, the final score was one of woe for Portsmouth. The match finished 4- 2, with Portsmouth playing abysmally, and giving themselves a severe up hill struggle, needing to win by two or more goals on the last day, against a strong Barnsley team, whilst also counting on Crystal Palace or Huddersfield to lose. The crestfallen fans trudged home, pouring into the gloomy streets, no doubt feeling as bad as the dire weather. There were mutterings of discontent all over the town, about the manager, about the team, and most worryingly, about the future. It was obvious to me, from his emotional spill in the programme, that Rix had also felt this bitterness as he left the stadium. It was this I hoped, as I moved along with the surging mass of blue, that would keep us up, that finally we had a manager who cared about the team, not just his bank account. I noticed that, alike the sea of friends I did not know, I had been overtaken by a strange numbness, a sort of hollowness, which rendered me unable to speak or sing along with the rest. As I handed my ticket to the collector upon entering the lower east KJC stand, he seemed to notice my nervousness, and gave me a wink or reassurance, and told me it would be ok. This went a great deal to settling my nerves, but it was not nearly as soothing as the great roar that greeted me, as I stepped out from the stairs to find my seat, sifting through the cheering fans. It was quite simply breath taking; in all my life I am unable to recall another time when I had received such a rush of adrenaline. After taking to my seat I soon joined in with the familiar chants that had graced the ground for decades before, and lost my already quivering voice in the process. Then, the place went silent, as our chairman, Milan Mandric came out of the tunnel, looking as anxious as we all felt. He made a speech, which reverberated over the ancient tannoy, shaking the stands. He reassured us that this team was his heart, and we, were his blood. We were, in his eyes, the best followers he could have hoped for, and he then thanked us for coming, and made his way up the stairs of the stand, and sat down among the fans, much to their delight. The team then crossed the threshold of the tunnel, and entered the hallowed turf of Fratton Park to a standing ovation. It was the biggest game of their lives, but they did not show it, warming up as usual, and signing autographs for the children. Then, as they stripped from their training kits to reveal the kit, that every young boy from the area dreams of putting on, the ground seemed to take on an eerie silence. This continued for a few more minutes right up to the start of the match, when only then it was broken by the referees whistle, signifying one of the most important games in the history of the club, and certainly the most important in my short lifetime. This was it! This was the match! All of 16,000 people, the capacity crowd at Fratton Park held their breath, said their prayers, and hoped that after the ninety minutes had ended they would be cheering again. As the whistle sounded the crowd exploded into noise, with the fans hollering out the traditional morale boosting songs, unique to Portsmouth. Barnsley didn't know what hit them. From the start they faced wave after wave of attack from the blend of youth and experience that was the Portsmouth team, most of which broke onto the defensive rock that was Darren Barnard, the Welsh international. Then, as time went on the constant pressure applied from Portsmouth began to show, the lackadaisical Matt Appleby pondered too long on what to do next and was caught in possession by the energetic local boy, Gary O'Neil. He powered his was down the wing, and swung in an accurate, curling cross. This was met by the huge frame of die-hard Portsmouth fan and player Lee Bradbury, who powered the Blues into the lead by steering the ball past the hapless keeper, Kevin Miller, into the net. Before the ball had even touched the floor the crowd were on their feet, sheer jubilation running through them, as they hugged strangers, and friends alike. They could sense something special was on the way. I leapt up from my seat, throwing my programme to the floor, and cheered all I could, losing my voice, which I had only just regained. Among the crescendo of clapping and cheering the game had already started again. There was a buzz among the crowd, as the players in blue seemed to swarm the ill-fated Barnsley defence, pouncing on every mistake. After a swift attack in which Barnsley committed many men forwards, Portsmouth broke, tearing up the field, sweeping the ball from left to right. Lee Sharpe came up with it, on the left flank, and violently lashed it centrally, towards the advancing run of Gary O'Neil. The wayward defence watched, as he cut through them expertly, until he had a clear chance at goal. I was amazed at his composure, as most experienced players would, by now, just have belted it goal bound and hoped for the best, but O'Neil calmly and collectedly dinked the ball over the advancing keeper, and landed it in the far corner of the goal, where it rolled over the line. The crowd again detonated a chorus of cheers and clapping. O'Neil ran over to the crowd in celebration, and was instantly mobbed by the devotees, who were restrained by the stewards, who themselves were in a jubilant mood. All around me I could see happy faces, it was not their dream come true, but their nightmare vanquished, and I revelled with them in delight. It was, in hindsight, a little presumptuous of us though, to have celebrated already, as there was still another half to go. The first half in fact drew to a close with the booking of Bruce Dyer, who was beginning to get frustrated by the constant badgering from the home supporters. At half time the multitude of persons arose, and filed off, to get their customarily dodgy half time snack, of pies, tea and chocolate. Whilst down there though, many people began cheering, for what seemed like no reason, but then it was made public over the tannoy that at that specific moment in time both Huddersfield and Palace were losing, and if all stayed as it was we would stay up. Still, I was worried, football is a cruel game, and Portsmouth had been known for conceding late goals, costly ones. As I stepped back out onto the terracing I glanced around at the surroundings. It was an ocean of blue, shone upon by the sun, on a hot May afternoon. It all seemed calm, all problems washed away, knowing that we were all in this together, and that, come rain or shine, we always would be. It was a touching moment I can assure you. The next half continued as the first half finished, which was brilliant from our point of view, as we had been playing out of our socks for the first 45 minutes. The players had obviously deliberately not been told about the results elsewhere, as they still set about their task with a great sense of urgency, giving their all. The more and more we attacked the more defiant Barnsley became, and soon the constant failure of all of Portsmouth's attacks began to frustrate some of the Portsmouth players. What happened next horrified the Pompey faithful, as an off the ball argument soon developed into a brawl, in which Shaun Derry crudely head-butted Barnsley's captain Neil Shipperly, breaking his nose. For this pointless act of violence Derry was rightfully dismissed, and even the bluenose Portsmouth fans did not complain. Whilst Shipperly was replaced by Rory Fallon, Portsmouth adjusted their formation to cope with being a man down. There were whispers behind me that this was the changing point, and that all our good work had been undone. It was a worrying time to be a fan, and the jitteriness of the crowd returned. But my worries were soon quashed, as Portsmouth seemed not to be affected by their numerical disadvantage, and played some lovely flowing football, all applauded riotously by the fans. It was a long period of sustained build up play that led to the third goal. The ball had been played backwards, and forwards, as Portsmouth, instead of launching high balls over the top, decided to probe their opponents, and retain possession. This worked a treat, as a great link up between O'Neil and Mills put through Bradbury, who, with endless space took the ball cheekily around the keeper, and slotted the ball home, into the unguarded net. Barnsley were broken, their spirit crushed, they had been out played in every dimension and they knew it. The crowd also knew it, and sung out in great approval, as the minutes passed by at a snail's pace. After what seemed like an eternity the referee began to look down at his watch. At this the Portsmouth fans prompted him by whistling to a deafening pitch, and after two more minutes of this the referee, who had performed well, blew for time. For a second there was silence, an aura of disbelief swept over the stands. I stood there taking it all in, pinching myself, aware that I had just been privileged enough to witness one of the greatest moments in the clubs' history. My train of thought was broken, by the rather poignantly apt ‘Great Escape' theme being blasted out of speakers all around the ground. The crowd got their voice back again, and scenes of celebrations soon followed. I was swept along, on a wave of euphoria with the crowd onto the pitch, where the players were lifted high above the heads of the crowd, on their shoulders. Flags were hoisted up around the ground, and the news cameras were all over the place, interviewing fans, interviewing players. I came upon one interview with the relieved Graham Rix. On one of the greatest days of my life, I stood there, listening to what he had to say, along with a great number of fans, who waited to congratulate him after. His words at first were serious, stating, that ‘this would never happen again. ‘ How many times I had heard that in the last six years. But there was something about this man, something different. He cared. We all knew it, and we all knew that he would do everything in his power to keep his promise. His next words struck a particular chord with me, and have stuck with me ever since. His face changing from one of happiness to one of ambition, as his delivered his final words, ‘just think how those fans would have reacted if we could really give them something to celebrate! ‘